Oil shale retorting process
This process converts kerogen in oil shale into shale oil by pyrolysis, In ex situ processing, also known as above-ground retorting, the oil shale is mined either 24 Nov 2015 Tar sands and oil shale in crude oil production. After mining, the oil shale is transported to a facility for retorting, a heating process that POTENTIAL USES OF SPENT SHALE IN THE TREATMENT OF OIL SHALE RETORT WATERS. 1980. Author(s): Fox, J.P.; et al. Main Content Metrics Oil shale is a sedimentary rock containing a solid organic material called kerogen . Kerogen is a complex hydrocarbon molecule resulting from the gradual Shale oil extraction History. Alexander C. Kirk's retort, used in the mid-to-late 19th century, Processing principles. Shale oil extraction process decomposes oil shale Classification of extraction technologies. Ex situ technologies. Internal combustion technologies burn materials In
Shale oil extraction History. Alexander C. Kirk's retort, used in the mid-to-late 19th century, Processing principles. Shale oil extraction process decomposes oil shale Classification of extraction technologies. Ex situ technologies. Internal combustion technologies burn materials In
11 Apr 2009 retorting oil shale to produce shale oil. However, shale char, formed in these retorting processes, is a harmful waste containing several toxic 17 Nov 2016 Ash with transfer heat all over the oil shale and cracking during the retorting process can enhance the quality of shale oil. In the shale oil During the last war three new processes for oil retorting were developed in Germany. One of these is similar to the underground coal gasification process now The solid heat carrier (SHC) retorting method, so-called Galoter process, was developed for oil shale processing at the end of the 1940s. Since then the method In fact, special methods of retorting, such as the Hytort process, can increase oil yields of some oil shales by as much as three to four times the yield obtained by
A process is proposed for the above ground retorting of the Julia Creek oil shale in Queensland. The oil shale characteristics, process description, chemical reactions of the oil shale components, and the effects of variable and operating conditions on process performance are discussed.
In the Paraho Direct process, the crushed and screened raw oil shale is fed into the top of the retort through a rotating distributor. The oil shale descends the retort as a moving bed. [1] [14] The oil shale is heated by the rising combustion gases from the lower part of the retort and the kerogen in the shale decomposes at about 500 °C (932 °F) to oil vapour, shale oil gas and spent shale . The Galoter process is an above-ground oil-shale retorting technology classified as a hot recycled solids technology. The process uses a horizontal cylindrical rotating kiln-type retort, which is slightly declined. It has similarities with the TOSCO II process.
Oil shale must be mined using either underground- or surface-mining methods. After excavation, the oil shale must undergo retorting . This is when the mined rock is exposed to the process of pyrolysis -- applying extreme heat without the presence of oxygen to a substance, and producing a chemical change.
The Galoter process is an above-ground oil-shale retorting technology classified as a hot recycled solids technology. The process uses a horizontal cylindrical rotating kiln-type retort, which is slightly declined. It has similarities with the TOSCO II process. At the same time, the Fushun Oil Shale Retorting Plant, using Fushun process technology, was established as a part of the Fushun Mining Group. It started production in 1992. In 2005, China became the largest shale oil producer in the world. Heating oil shale to a sufficiently high temperature causes the chemical process of pyrolysis to yield a vapor. Upon cooling the vapor, the liquid shale oil—an unconventional oil—is separated from combustible oil-shale gas (the term shale gas can also refer to gas occurring naturally in shales). Oil shale distillates (products of retorting) typically favor the production of middle-distillates (diesel and kerosene), and have higher concentrations of nitrogen than crude oil. To produce light-distillates (such as gasoline) additional processing, such as hydrocracking, is required to break down the larger hydrocarbons. This invention is a continuous retorting process for various high molecular weight organic materials, including oil shale, that yields an enhanced output of liquid product. The organic material, mineral matter, and an acidic catalyst, that appreciably adsorbs alkenes on surface sites at prescribed temperatures, are mixed and introduced into a pyrolyzer. The self-heating retorting process starts by preheating oil shale from room temperature to 300 °C by external heating under N 2 and then switching N 2 to air of 150 °C. When N 2 is replaced by air, the self-heating effect starts. F Retorting Technologies for Oil Shale HOT GAS RETORTING PROCESSES In the Paraho internal combustion retort a moving bed of shale travels downward and is heated by hot gas flowing upward through it. The hot gas is provided by combustion of hydrocarbon gas and char within the retort.
Another object is -to provide an in situ retorting process for the production of shale oil whereby close and effective control can be exercised over the air supplied and consumed during the retorting process, and over the advance of the flame front in the oil shale stratum wherein the retorting process is `carried out.
Heating oil shale to a sufficiently high temperature causes the chemical process of pyrolysis to yield a vapor. Upon cooling the vapor, the liquid shale oil—an unconventional oil—is separated from combustible oil-shale gas (the term shale gas can also refer to gas occurring naturally in shales). Oil shale distillates (products of retorting) typically favor the production of middle-distillates (diesel and kerosene), and have higher concentrations of nitrogen than crude oil. To produce light-distillates (such as gasoline) additional processing, such as hydrocracking, is required to break down the larger hydrocarbons. This invention is a continuous retorting process for various high molecular weight organic materials, including oil shale, that yields an enhanced output of liquid product. The organic material, mineral matter, and an acidic catalyst, that appreciably adsorbs alkenes on surface sites at prescribed temperatures, are mixed and introduced into a pyrolyzer. The self-heating retorting process starts by preheating oil shale from room temperature to 300 °C by external heating under N 2 and then switching N 2 to air of 150 °C. When N 2 is replaced by air, the self-heating effect starts. F Retorting Technologies for Oil Shale HOT GAS RETORTING PROCESSES In the Paraho internal combustion retort a moving bed of shale travels downward and is heated by hot gas flowing upward through it. The hot gas is provided by combustion of hydrocarbon gas and char within the retort. The novel process can use fine oil shale particles as the raw materials of solid heat carrier retort to produce more shale oil. The novel process is modeled, and next, the simulation is carried out to build its mass and energy balance.
Shale oil extraction History. Alexander C. Kirk's retort, used in the mid-to-late 19th century, Processing principles. Shale oil extraction process decomposes oil shale Classification of extraction technologies. Ex situ technologies. Internal combustion technologies burn materials In Shale oil processing is defined as an industrial process to which raw shale oil is subjected to extract oil from it—basically a process to produce unconventional oil [1]. Because shale oil exists as solid sedimentary rocks, its extraction is more complex than extraction of conventional oil [1]. Oil shale must be mined using either underground- or surface-mining methods. After excavation, the oil shale must undergo retorting . This is when the mined rock is exposed to the process of pyrolysis -- applying extreme heat without the presence of oxygen to a substance, and producing a chemical change. The ATP Technology is a high performance surface retorting process for the production and recovery of hydrocarbons from mined oil shales. Oil shale is mined, crushed, and then retorted pyrolyzed in the ATP processor which uses the oil shale solids as the process heat carrier. The hydrocarbon vapours produced by the pyrolysis of the oil shale extracted from the ATP processor, condensed, and pumped to product tanks. This invention is a continuous retorting process for various high molecular weight organic materials, including oil shale, that yields an enhanced output of liquid product. The organic material, mineral matter, and an acidic catalyst, that appreciably adsorbs alkenes on surface sites at prescribed temperatures, are mixed and introduced into a pyrolyzer. A process is proposed for the above ground retorting of the Julia Creek oil shale in Queensland. The oil shale characteristics, process description, chemical reactions of the oil shale components, and the effects of variable and operating conditions on process performance are discussed. In the Paraho Direct process, the crushed and screened raw oil shale is fed into the top of the retort through a rotating distributor. The oil shale descends the retort as a moving bed. [1] [14] The oil shale is heated by the rising combustion gases from the lower part of the retort and the kerogen in the shale decomposes at about 500 °C (932 °F) to oil vapour, shale oil gas and spent shale .